Pregnid

• Treatment and Prevention of Nutritional Deficiencies: Used to treat and prevent deficiencies of iron, folic acid, B vitamins, vitamin C, and zinc resulting from inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, or increased physiological demands.
• Iron Deficiency Anemia: For management of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, adolescence, and chronic illnesses.
• Folic Acid Deficiency: Prevention and treatment of folate deficiency anemia and reduction of neural tube defects in pregnancy.
• Vitamin B Complex Deficiency: To treat or prevent disorders related to deficiencies of B vitamins, including peripheral neuropathy and other neurological conditions.
• Immune Support: Zinc and vitamin C support immune function and provide antioxidant protection.
• Recovery Support: Used to support recovery in chronic illnesses, surgery, and infections where micronutrient replenishment is required.
• Pregnancy and Lactation: To fulfill increased micronutrient requirements and prevent congenital abnormalities.

• Route: Oral.
• Adults: Generally, one tablet or capsule daily containing approximately 100 mg elemental iron, 400-800 mcg folic acid, vitamin B complex (varies per formulation), 50-100 mg vitamin C, and 20-30 mg elemental zinc.
• Pediatrics: Dose adjusted based on age and weight; use pediatric-specific formulations.
• Elderly: Same as adults; monitor tolerance.
• Special Populations: Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment; adjust dosing based on clinical evaluation.
• Administration: Preferably taken on an empty stomach to enhance iron absorption; if gastrointestinal upset occurs, can be taken with food. Avoid concurrent intake with calcium-containing products, antacids, or dairy as they reduce iron and zinc absorption. Separate dosing from tetracyclines or quinolones by at least 2 hours.

This combination supplies essential micronutrients that act synergistically to correct deficiencies. Iron is crucial for hemoglobin synthesis and oxygen transport. Folic acid facilitates DNA synthesis and red blood cell production. B vitamins serve as coenzymes in energy metabolism and neurological function. Vitamin C enhances iron absorption by maintaining iron in the ferrous state and acts as an antioxidant. Zinc participates in numerous enzymatic reactions vital for immune function, wound healing, and cell growth. Together, these components restore hematologic and metabolic functions impaired by nutritional deficits.

• Absorption: Iron and zinc are absorbed primarily in the duodenum and upper jejunum; vitamin C enhances iron absorption. B vitamins and folic acid are absorbed in the small intestine via active transport.
• Distribution: Iron binds transferrin and is delivered to bone marrow and tissues. B vitamins circulate freely or bound to proteins; zinc binds albumin in plasma.
• Metabolism: B vitamins act intracellularly as coenzymes; folic acid is converted to tetrahydrofolate. Iron and zinc are not metabolized.
• Elimination: Excess water-soluble vitamins are excreted renally. Iron and zinc are lost mainly via feces and sweat.

• Pregnancy: Considered safe and commonly recommended to prevent anemia and congenital defects. Classified as FDA Pregnancy Category A or B depending on the component.
• Lactation: Components are excreted in breast milk in small amounts and are generally safe for breastfeeding mothers and infants.
• Note: Dosage should be tailored to avoid excess.

• Hematinics and Nutritional Supplements
• Multivitamin and Mineral Combination

• Hypersensitivity to any ingredient.
• Hemochromatosis or iron overload disorders.
• Severe hepatic or renal impairment without specialist supervision.
• Conditions where iron therapy is contraindicated.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency without diagnosis (folic acid may mask symptoms).

• Monitor iron status to avoid overload.
• Use cautiously in peptic ulcer disease or inflammatory bowel disease due to GI irritation risk.
• Excess zinc may cause copper deficiency.
• High vitamin B6 doses (>100 mg/day) can cause neuropathy.
• Keep out of children’s reach to prevent accidental overdose.
• Discontinue if allergic reactions occur.

• Common: GI upset (nausea, constipation, diarrhea), dark stools (benign).
• Less Common: Allergic rash, headache, mouth irritation.
• Rare: Anaphylaxis, neuropathy (with high B6), zinc toxicity symptoms.

• Antacids, calcium, dairy reduce iron and zinc absorption.
• Tetracyclines and quinolones reduce efficacy if taken with iron or zinc; separate doses.
• Pyridoxine (B6) may reduce levodopa effect.
• Penicillamine reduces zinc absorption.
• Vitamin C increases iron absorption.

• Reinforcement of iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnancy by WHO and other bodies.
• Recommendation for combined micronutrient supplements to improve adherence.
• Caution on prolonged zinc use due to copper deficiency risk.
• Updated labeling regarding vitamin B6 neuropathy risk.

• Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
• Protect from moisture, heat, and direct light.
• Keep container tightly closed.
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Do not refrigerate or freeze.