Ovocal-MOM

Approved and Clinically Accepted Uses:

• Calcium and Vitamin D Deficiency:
• For individuals with dietary insufficiency or increased physiological demands (e.g., pregnancy, elderly).
• Osteoporosis and Osteopenia:
• Adjunctive therapy for the prevention and management of osteoporosis or low bone mineral density.
• General Nutritional Support:
• Supplementation in adults and elderly to correct or prevent multiple micronutrient deficiencies, especially in cases of poor dietary intake, malabsorption, or chronic illnesses.
• Pregnancy and Lactation:
• To support maternal bone health and fetal/infant skeletal development and immunity.
• Pediatric Growth Support:
• Provides essential micronutrients in children with poor growth or appetite, under clinical supervision.
• Postmenopausal Support:
• Helps counteract age-related bone loss and micronutrient depletion in postmenopausal women.
• Recovery from Illness or Surgery:
• Supports tissue repair, immunity, and metabolic function.

Adults (Including Elderly):

• Typical dose:
• 1 tablet/capsule daily, or as prescribed.
• Contains approximately:
• Eggshell calcium: 500–600 mg elemental calcium
• Vitamin D3: 400–1000 IU
• B-complex vitamins, vitamin C, E, K, and minerals (e.g., magnesium, zinc, copper, selenium, iron, iodine) in daily recommended amounts

Pregnancy and Lactation:

• May require up to 1000–1300 mg calcium and 600–2000 IU vitamin D3 daily
• Iron and folic acid content should be monitored to avoid overdose if taken alongside prenatal vitamins

Pediatrics:

• Not recommended for children unless under medical supervision with a pediatric-specific formulation

Renal Impairment:

• Use with caution due to the risk of hypercalcemia and accumulation of fat-soluble vitamins
• Monitor serum calcium, phosphorus, and renal function

Hepatic Impairment:

• Generally safe; however, care with fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) as they may accumulate

Route of Administration:

• Oral; to be taken after meals with water to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal upset

Duration of Use:

• Typically long-term, based on individual nutritional needs or as directed by a physician

This combination works synergistically to support skeletal health, immunity, metabolic balance, and overall nutritional status. Eggshell calcium provides a bioavailable form of elemental calcium necessary for bone formation and neuromuscular function. Vitamin D3 facilitates active calcium absorption from the intestine and helps regulate bone remodeling by promoting osteoblastic activity. The included vitamins and minerals serve various cellular functions: B vitamins support energy metabolism and nerve function; vitamin C aids collagen synthesis; vitamin E provides antioxidant protection; vitamin K assists in bone matrix protein activation; and trace elements such as zinc, selenium, and magnesium contribute to enzymatic function, immune health, and bone integrity. Collectively, these nutrients correct or prevent micronutrient deficiencies and enhance bone and systemic health.

Calcium (Eggshell):

• Absorption: Best absorbed with food and gastric acid; uptake enhanced by vitamin D3
• Bioavailability: Comparable or superior to calcium carbonate
• Distribution: ~99% stored in bone and teeth
• Elimination: Primarily via feces; minor renal excretion

Vitamin D3:

• Absorption: Fat-soluble, absorbed in small intestine with bile salts
• Metabolism: Hydroxylated in liver (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and kidneys (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D)
• Half-life: 15–25 days (25(OH)D); 4–6 hours (1,25(OH)2D)
• Excretion: Biliary and fecal

Other Vitamins & Minerals:

• Absorption and metabolism vary by compound
• Iron: Absorbed in duodenum, stored in ferritin
• Magnesium & Zinc: Absorbed in small intestine; renal excretion
• Water-soluble vitamins (B-complex, C): Excreted via urine
• Fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, K): Stored in liver and adipose tissue; slower elimination

• Pregnancy:
• Generally considered safe during pregnancy, especially when used within recommended daily allowances
• High doses of fat-soluble vitamins should be avoided unless prescribed
• Lactation:
• Safe during breastfeeding; helps meet increased maternal and neonatal nutritional requirements
• Monitor for excessive intake of vitamin A and iron when taken with additional supplements
• General:
• Always consider total nutrient intake from all sources to avoid overdosing

• Primary Class: Multivitamin and Mineral Supplement
• Subclass: Bone and Nutritional Support Combination

• Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation
• Hypercalcemia (e.g., due to hyperparathyroidism, malignancy)
• Hypervitaminosis D
• Nephrolithiasis (calcium-containing kidney stones)
• Iron overload disorders (e.g., hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis)
• Severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease without specialist supervision

• Hypercalcemia Risk:
• Use cautiously in patients with renal insufficiency or on high-dose vitamin D therapy
• Fat-Soluble Vitamin Accumulation:
• Long-term use of excessive doses may lead to vitamin A or D toxicity
• Kidney Stones:
• Risk increases with high calcium or vitamin D intake in predisposed individuals
• Iron Overdose:
• Especially dangerous in children; keep out of reach
• Clinical Monitoring:
• Monitor serum calcium, vitamin D levels, renal function, and iron status with prolonged use

Gastrointestinal:

• Constipation, bloating, nausea, flatulence, abdominal discomfort
• Metallic taste (iron-related)

Metabolic:

• Hypercalcemia symptoms: fatigue, muscle weakness, confusion, polyuria, polydipsia
• Hypervitaminosis D (rare)

Renal:

• Increased risk of nephrolithiasis with excessive calcium or vitamin D intake

Allergic Reactions:

• Skin rash, pruritus (rare)

Serious (Rare):

• Vitamin A or iron toxicity with chronic high-dose use
• Hypersensitivity reactions to excipients

• Tetracyclines & Fluoroquinolones:
• Calcium and iron reduce absorption; administer at least 2 hours apart
• Thiazide Diuretics:
• Increase risk of hypercalcemia when combined with calcium supplements
• Levothyroxine:
• Calcium and iron impair absorption; take medications several hours apart
• Bisphosphonates:
• Bioavailability is reduced if taken with calcium; separate by ≥2 hours
• Antacids and Proton Pump Inhibitors:
• May reduce calcium carbonate absorption due to reduced gastric acid
• Enzyme Systems Involved:
• Vitamin D3 metabolism involves CYP2R1 (hepatic), CYP27B1 (renal)
• No significant CYP450 inhibition or induction by calcium or minerals

• Recent Guidelines (IOF, Endocrine Society, WHO):
• Continue to recommend 1000–1200 mg calcium and 800–2000 IU vitamin D3 daily for adults at risk of bone loss
• Micronutrient supplementation endorsed for the elderly, pregnant/lactating women, and patients with chronic illnesses or poor diet
• Research Highlights:
• Eggshell calcium shows promising bioavailability and better gastrointestinal tolerance than synthetic carbonate
• Multimicronutrient supplements improve immunity and reduce deficiency-associated morbidity in elderly and hospitalized patients

• Temperature:
• Store below 25°C (77°F) in a dry place
• Light & Humidity Protection:
• Keep in tightly closed original container
• Protect from moisture and direct sunlight
• Handling Precautions:
• Do not use if packaging is damaged or past expiry
• No refrigeration or reconstitution required
• Keep out of reach of children due to risk of iron toxicity