Combofresh

• Temporary relief of ocular dryness and irritation (burning, grittiness, foreign-body sensation) by replenishing and stabilizing the precorneal tear film.
• Temporary relief of eye redness caused by minor irritants. This is intended for short-term symptomatic relief only.
• Clearing of mucus, foreign particles, or mild discharge and surface clarification.
• Contact lens rewetting only if the product label specifically permits; otherwise, lenses should be removed before instillation.

• Typical dose (adults and adolescents): Instill 1–2 drops into the affected eye(s) as needed, up to 4–6 times daily. Do not exceed the directions on the product label.
• Pediatrics: Use only under medical advice; many vasoconstrictor-containing drops are not recommended for young children.
• Elderly and special groups: No routine dose adjustment is required, but monitor for sensitivity to vasoconstrictors in frail patients.
• Administration technique: Wash hands, avoid touching the dropper tip, wait 5–10 minutes between different ophthalmic products, and remove contact lenses unless the product is labeled as lens-compatible.

• Glycerin, Hypromellose, and Polyethylene Glycol 400: These act as ocular lubricants and humectants, increasing tear film stability and water retention, reducing friction, and protecting the ocular surface.
• Tetrahydrozoline HCl: A sympathomimetic alpha-adrenergic agonist that constricts conjunctival blood vessels, reducing redness quickly and temporarily.
• Zinc Sulfate: Functions as a mild astringent, helping to clear mucus and debris from the eye.

• Minimal systemic absorption via the topical ocular route. Most of the active ingredients remain on the tear film and are drained through the nasolacrimal duct.
• Onset: Lubricants act immediately; vasoconstrictor effect appears within minutes.
• Duration: Symptom relief lasts for a few hours; exact duration depends on individual response.

• Pregnancy: Use only if clearly needed. Systemic exposure is negligible when used as directed.
• Lactation: Minimal systemic absorption suggests low risk during breastfeeding; generally considered acceptable for short-term use.

• Ophthalmic combination: Artificial tear / ocular decongestant / astringent.
• Subclasses: Lubricant, alpha-adrenergic vasoconstrictor, astringent.

• Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation.
• Narrow-angle glaucoma unless advised by an ophthalmologist.

• For short-term use only; prolonged use of vasoconstrictors can cause rebound redness or masking of serious conditions.
• Stop use and seek medical advice if pain, blurred vision, or persistent redness occurs, or if symptoms last more than 72 hours.
• Keep out of reach of children; accidental ingestion can cause serious harm.
• Contact lens users should remove lenses before use unless the product is specifically labeled as safe for lenses.

Common:

• Temporary stinging, burning, or irritation
• Mild blurred vision immediately after use
• Increased tearing

Serious (rare):

• Rebound redness with overuse
• Allergic reactions
• Systemic effects such as headache, elevated blood pressure, or CNS symptoms (more likely if ingested)

• Wait at least 5–10 minutes before applying other eye drops to avoid washout.
• Systemic interactions are rare but use caution in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors or other sympathomimetics.

• Guidelines emphasize using preservative-free lubricants for frequent or chronic dosing and recommend vasoconstrictors only for short-term use to avoid rebound redness.

• Store at room temperature (15–25°C).
• Protect from heat, freezing, and light.
• Keep the bottle tightly closed.
• Discard single-use vials after opening and multi-dose bottles as per manufacturer’s instructions.